How to Install Firestop Pipe Collars
By Blog Author / January 15, 2026 / No Comments / Blog
A building’s passive fire protection system is like a silent guardian. It works well because of many details, like sealing holes. Pipes and conduits passing through walls or floors can let fire and smoke spread.
This is why firestop collar installation is crucial. These devices keep the fire rating of the assembly they protect. If installed wrong, it can risk lives and property.
This guide shows you how to install UL Classified Pipe Collars the right way. We’ll cover everything from understanding the classification to making sure it’s done right. You’ll learn how to plan, follow codes, and do each step with confidence.
By following this guide, your penetration seals will work as they should. It makes a weak spot into a strong part of your building’s defense.
Key Takeaways
- Correct installation is essential for maintaining a wall or floor’s fire rating.
- Firestop collars seal penetrations to prevent the spread of fire and smoke.
- This guide provides a professional, step-by-step method for a code-compliant seal.
- Proper planning and verification are just as important as the physical installation.
- Using the right materials and techniques ensures the system works as designed.
Understanding UL Classified Pipe Collars
A UL classified pipe collar is more than just a ring of material. It is a tested and labeled life-safety device designed to maintain a fire barrier. Using the correct, certified product is the foundation of any safe and code-compliant installation.
This knowledge ensures you select the right collar for the job and understand why cutting corners is never an option.
What Are Firestop Pipe Collars?
Firestop pipe collars are devices installed where pipes, conduits, or cables pass through fire-rated walls, floors, or ceilings. Their sole purpose is to seal the annular space—the gap between the pipe and the opening in the structure.
They typically contain intumescent material or firestop sealant. In a fire, this material expands or hardens. This action creates a charred seal that blocks flames, deadly smoke, and toxic gases.
This process is a critical part of a penetration firestop system. It restores the integrity of the compromised fire barrier, containing the fire to its area of origin.
Why UL Classification Matters for Fire Safety
You cannot assume any collar will work. Building codes require firestop products to be listed and labeled by an approved testing agency, like Underwriters Laboratories (UL).
Using an unclassified or improperly specified collar voids the fire-resistance rating of the entire assembly. It creates a false sense of security and a real liability.
The listed product is an integral component of the tested assembly. Substitution invalidates the test results and the specified fire rating.
UL classification is your proof that the product has passed rigorous scientific tests. It confirms it will perform as expected in a real fire scenario.
The UL Testing Process
Products earn their classification by passing the ASTM E814 / UL 1479 standard. This is the primary test for through-penetration firestop systems.
The test has two brutal phases:
- Fire Endurance Test: The collar, installed in a representative wall or floor, is exposed to a intense furnace fire for a rated period (e.g., 1, 2, or 3 hours). It must prevent flame passage.
- Hose Stream Test: Immediately after, a high-pressure water stream blasts the assembly. This simulates the thermal shock and physical force of firefighting. The seal must remain intact, proving its structural stability.
Only products surviving both phases receive a formal UL classification. This UL 1479 process separates reliable life-safety devices from untested commodities.
Interpreting UL Classification Labels
Every legitimate collar has a permanent UL mark or label. Knowing how to read it is essential for correct selection. The label contains all critical application data.
Key information includes:
- F-Rating & T-Rating: The F-rating (Flame) is the time it prevented flame passage (e.g., F-120). The T-rating (Temperature) is the time it kept the unexposed side below a specified temperature rise. A product must have an F-rating, but a T-rating may not be required for all assemblies.
- Approved Penetration Sizes: The exact range of pipe diameters (e.g., 2″ to 6″) the classification covers. Using a size outside this range is non-compliant.
- Assembly Types: The specific construction assemblies (e.g., 4-inch concrete floor, steel stud/gypsum board wall) the product is tested and listed for.
Always verify the label matches your project’s specifications before installation. This step is the cornerstone of a reliable penetration firestop solution.
Pre-Installation Planning and Preparation
Getting ready for a firestop system installation is key. Rushing can lead to problems. Make sure every part fits right and meets fire rating needs.
Tools and Materials Required
Having the right tools saves time and avoids mistakes. Make sure your area is organized. Always check the manufacturer’s guide for tool details.
Essential Installation Tools
Basic tools are the start of a good job. You’ll need them to measure, cut, and apply materials.
- Tape Measure: For precise diameter and clearance measurements
- Utility Knife: To trim sealant and open packaging
- Caulking Gun: For applying firestop sealant from cartridges
- Wire Brush: To clean pipe surfaces for better adhesion
- Inspection Mirror/Probe: To identify hidden wall assembly details
Required Materials Checklist
You’ll need specific firestop products for a compliant job. This checklist helps you check everything before starting.
| Material | Purpose | Key Consideration |
|---|---|---|
| UL Classified Pipe Collar | Forms the primary fire barrier around the pipe | Must match the pipe diameter and wall rating |
| Companion Firestop Sealant or Mortar | Seals gaps between collar, pipe, and wall | Must be listed for use with the specific collar |
| Mechanical Fasteners | Secures collar to wall or floor assembly | Type and spacing per manufacturer’s instructions |
| Primer/Cleaner | Prepares surfaces for optimal sealant bond | Required for some pipe materials like PVC |
| Manufacturer’s Installation Instructions | Provides approved methods and limitations | Keep on-site for reference and verification |
Assessing the Installation Site
Every penetration is different. You need to examine it carefully before starting. This step is crucial for keeping the fire rated wall or floor safe.
Measuring Pipe and Penetration Dimensions
Getting the measurements right is important. The wrong size can make the fire rating fail.
First, measure the pipe’s outer diameter at different points. Pipes are not always perfectly round. Use the largest measurement to ensure the collar fits.
Then, measure the penetration opening diameter. Include any clearances needed by the collar maker. You want a snug fit without forcing the collar.
Keep these measurements on record. Compare them to the collar’s size range. The right size is key for a good through-penetration seal.
Identifying Wall or Floor Assembly Types
The type of barrier you’re penetrating affects which firestop products you can use. Using the wrong collar can break UL rules.
Start by looking at building construction documents. Check for details on wall ratings, materials, and thickness. Common types include concrete, masonry, and steel stud with gypsum board.
If you can’t find documents, do a physical check. Use a small probe or camera to see what’s inside.
This helps you pick a collar that’s tested for that fire rated wall or floor. Don’t assume a collar works for all types.
Proper assessment stops you from using the wrong firestop mortar or sealants. It also makes sure the penetration meets clearance rules. Taking your time now saves a lot of work later.
Safety Considerations Before Installation
Before starting the installation of firestop pipe collars, safety comes first. It’s not just about the materials. It’s about keeping everyone safe while improving fire protection. This approach makes sure the firestop system works well and keeps the installation site safe.
Following safety standards is a must. It’s the base of a good installation that meets all the rules and needs. Good planning at this stage is key to a successful fire barrier.
Personal Protective Equipment Requirements
The right PPE is a shield for installers against dangers. Each material needs its own protection. The right gear helps avoid chemicals, dust, and injuries.
Wearing safety glasses with side shields is a must. They protect eyes from debris, sealant splashes, and dust. Always wear them.
Choosing the right gloves is important. Nitrile gloves are good for wet sealants. Heavy-duty gloves are needed for rough work.
Respiratory gear changes with the task. A dust mask is enough for small tasks. But, for dry powder, a N95 respirator is needed.
| Equipment Type | Specific Use Case | Minimum Protection Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Eye Protection | All installation activities | ANSI Z87.1 safety glasses with side shields |
| Hand Protection (Sealants) | Applying silicone, latex, or acrylic firestop sealants | Nitrile gloves, 5-8 mil thickness |
| Hand Protection (Mortar) | Mixing and applying cementitious firestop mortar | Heavy-duty leather or synthetic work gloves |
| Respiratory Protection | Mixing dry powder compounds | NIOSH N95 respirator or half-face respirator with P100 filters |
| Hearing Protection | Using power tools for cutting or drilling | Earplugs with NRR 25 dB or earmuffs |
Using PPE correctly follows OSHA’s rules (29 CFR 1910.132). It also helps meet the fire safety code by keeping installers safe and focused. Training on PPE use is also key.
Workspace Safety Protocols
A safe workspace is crucial for good installation. First, check the site for hazards. Make sure they won’t affect the work or emergency exits.
Good ventilation is important with chemicals or dust. Open windows, use fans, or local exhaust to keep airfresh. This stops harmful vapors or dust.
Make sure the area is well-lit. Bad lighting can cause mistakes and accidents. Use portable lights if needed.
Use Lock-Out/Tag-Out (LOTO) for live systems. This OSHA rule (29 CFR 1910.147) stops accidents by keeping systems off during work.
Keep paths clear at all times. Don’t block doors or hallways with tools or debris. Clear paths are essential for safety in emergencies.
Also, have clear communication with others on site. Know who’s nearby and plan to avoid conflicts. These steps help focus on precise installation, following the fire safety code.
Step-by-Step Installation Process
Installing a fire barrier requires following the manufacturer’s instructions and adapting to the site. This careful approach turns individual parts into a strong fire barrier. Each step helps the collar work well under extreme heat.
Step 1: Preparing the Pipe and Opening
Start with thorough preparation. This step focuses on the penetration opening and the pipe itself.
Cleaning and Surface Preparation
First, remove all dirt from the area. Use a wire brush, vacuum, or air to get rid of dust and dirt. If there’s grease or oil, use a solvent to clean it off.
Make sure the penetration edges and pipe surface are clean and dry. Moisture can ruin the adhesion and make the intumescent material work too soon.
Dry Fitting the Collar
Before using any sealant, do a dry fit test. Place the collar halves around the pipe without adhesive. Check for these important things:
- Gaps between collar halves should not exceed manufacturer tolerances
- The collar should center evenly around the pipe circumference
- There should be consistent clearance between pipe and penetration
- Fastener holes should align properly with substrate
This test shows any problems before they become big issues. Make any needed changes during this step.
Step 2: Applying Firestop Sealant or Mortar
The sealing material is the fire barrier. How you apply it affects its performance in a fire.
Mixing and Application Techniques
For two part firestop mortar, mix it exactly as the manufacturer says. Use a clean container and mix well until it’s uniform. Mixed material has a short time to work.
Cartridge-based firestop sealant needs to be loaded right into the caulking gun. Cut the nozzle at a 45-degree angle. Start applying from the bottom of the penetration, moving up continuously.
Pro tip: For deep penetrations, apply sealant in layers rather than trying to fill it all at once.
Ensuring Complete Coverage
The space between the pipe and penetration must be filled fully without air pockets. Use a backfilling method for the best results:
- Apply sealant to one side of the penetration
- Use a putty knife or similar tool to push material into the gap
- Continue applying and tooling until material emerges on the opposite side
- Verify the entire circumference has consistent material presence
Full coverage stops flames and smoke from passing through hidden spaces.
Step 3: Positioning and Securing the Collar
Proper placement and fixing ensure the collar stays in place and works well in a fire.
Alignment and Centering
Put the intumescent collar halves around the pipe. Make sure it’s centered in the penetration opening. Keep it the same distance from all sides.
Check alignment from different angles. The collar should be straight and even. Proper centering lets it expand evenly in a fire.
Fastening Methods and Best Practices
Use only the fasteners the manufacturer says to use, like stainless steel screws or bolts. Follow these tips for a secure installation:
| Fastener Type | Installation Depth | Torque Requirement | Spacing Pattern |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-tapping screws | Minimum 1 inch into substrate | Finger-tight plus ¼ turn | Evenly spaced per collar design |
| Through-bolts with washers | Full penetration of substrate | Snug without crushing collar | Typically 4-6 points per half |
| Concrete anchors | As per anchor specifications | Use torque wrench if specified | Follow collar mounting holes |
Avoid over-tightening fasteners, which can damage the collar material or create stress points. Under-tightening compromises the seal and allows movement.
Step 4: Finishing and Cleanup
Final touches improve looks and function, making it easier for future inspections.
Tooling the Sealant
After securing the collar, tool any exposed firestop sealant for better adhesion and look. Use a wet finger or special tool for a smooth finish.
Tooling does three key things:
- Ensures sealant makes complete contact with all surfaces
- Creates a professional appearance for visible installations
- Removes air bubbles that might compromise the seal
Work quickly before the sealant starts to skin over or cure.
Removing Excess Material
Trim any sealant that goes beyond the collar edges. Use a sharp knife or sealant trimming tool. Don’t cut into the collar itself.
Clean tools right away with the right solvents before they harden. Remove any debris from the area to help with inspections and building operations.
The finished installation should look clean and professional. All parts should be in the right place and fixed well. This detail ensures the system works as designed and looks good.
Post-Installation Verification and Testing
The installation process ends with a crucial step: verification and documentation. This step turns a physical setup into a certified firestop system. It makes sure the system works as needed and proves it to building officials and insurers.
Visual Inspection Checklist
Before paperwork starts, a detailed physical check is key. This checklist is your first quality check. Use it carefully to spot any defects.
- Sealant Integrity: Check the sealant’s edge where it meets the pipe and wall. It should be smooth and unbroken.
- Gap and Void Check: Look for any gaps or voids. Even small openings can let smoke and flames through. The sealant must be fully applied.
- Collar Security: Make sure the collar is fastened right, as the maker says. It should not be loose or twisted.
- Label Legibility: Check that all labels and markings, like the UL number, are clear and there. This is key for paperwork.
Checking for Gaps and Voids
Focus on where materials meet. Use a bright light to see the sealant’s edge. Also, feel it with a gloved hand to find any issues the eye might miss. A good seal is smooth and even.
Verifying Proper Compression
For collars that need compression, check the fastening is tight. The intumescent material should be in firm contact with the pipe all around. But it shouldn’t be too squished.
Documentation and Compliance
Your checklist is done, but the work isn’t over. Keeping a permanent record is as important as the physical work. This record protects you, the building owner, and meets legal needs.
Recording Installation Details
Make a detailed record for each installation. Include clear photos from different angles. Note the UL number, maker, model, and lot number. Also, record the date, installer’s name, and location.
Maintaining UL Classification Compliance
The system’s fire rating depends on following the tested assembly. Your records prove this. They are needed for the final inspection and certificate of occupancy. They also help with insurance and future liability checks. Keep these records with the building’s fire and safety records.
Conclusion
Installing UL classified firestop pipe collars is a detailed process. It requires careful planning, the right product, and precise installation. These steps ensure a continuous fire barrier.
Ignoring any part of this process can weaken the entire system. The International Building Code (IBC) and NFPA standards are key. Following them is crucial for safety during fires.
Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions, like those from Metacaulk or STI. Their systems are tested and listed, making compliance easier. Keeping detailed records is also important for inspectors and future managers.
This guide is here to help with your projects. By following these steps, you ensure your firestop installations meet standards. Your hard work helps keep buildings safe and people protected.
FAQ
What is the most critical factor to check before installing a firestop pipe collar?
The most important thing is to check if the product has a UL classification. Make sure it’s listed for your specific application. Look at the label to confirm it’s approved for your pipe material, diameter, and wall or floor type. Using an unclassified or misapplied collar can void the fire rating of the entire assembly.
Can I use standard caulk or spray foam instead of the manufacturer-specified firestop sealant?
No, you should not. Standard caulks and spray foams are not fire-safe. They burn quickly in a fire. UL Classified firestop sealants and mortars are made to expand or char when heated, creating a seal. Using any other product can void the classification and risk fire safety.
How do I properly prepare the pipe and penetration opening before installation?
Clean the pipe surface and the edges of the hole well. Remove dust, dirt, grease, moisture, and loose concrete or gypsum. A clean, dry surface helps the sealant bond right. Always do a dry fit of the collar to check for gaps before applying sealant.
What personal protective equipment (PPE) is required during installation?
You need safety glasses, gloves (nitrile for sealants, heavier duty for mortar), and a dust mask or respirator when needed. Always check the Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for specific product requirements.
How tight should the fasteners (screws or bolts) be on the pipe collar?
Fasteners should be tightened as the manufacturer instructs. This is usually until the collar is snug against the wall or floor. But don’t over-tighten to avoid damaging the device.
What should I look for during a post-installation visual inspection?
Use a checklist to check for gaps or voids in the sealant. Make sure the collar is securely fastened and the sealant is smooth and adhered. Also, verify the UL label is intact and legible. Any issues must be fixed right away.
Why is documentation after installation so important?
Documentation proves you followed the rules for building inspectors, insurance providers, and future managers. It should include photos, the UL classification number, lot number, installation date, and installer details. This record shows you followed the rules and keeps the UL classification valid, as required by IBC and NFPA standards.